Gammelstad Church Town is a type of settlement that was once widespread throughout Sweden and northern Scandinavia. Church town (Swedish: kyrkstad) is a settlement formed around the church. Small wooden houses were used by believers who came to the church from the countryside only on Sundays and days when there were big church holidays because they could not return home the same day due to distance. Gammelstad Church Town is located about ten kilometers upstream from the mouth of the river Luleå, in the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia of the Baltic Sea. The settlement was placed on the UNESCO World Heritage Sites list in 1996.